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A list of common terms and definitions related to web development, web design, SEO optimization, HTML layout and other areas of website creation.


AJAX (Asynchronous JavaScript and XML)

A technology used in web development to display the results of a user's interaction with a web page without reloading it. For example, if a user adds an item to a cart or leaves a comment, and the page displays the change without reloading it, then AJAX is being used.

Anchor link

A link to an element within a page called an anchor. In Joomla, anchor links can be created using text editors and in menu items.

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Apache

A cross-platform free web server suitable for running Joomla sites. Included in the Open Server build.

Authentication

The procedure for verifying the authenticity of a subject. Joomla has a number of plugins for authenticating users and web services.

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Backup

Backups of sites are created through the backup functionality for insurance purposes, to protect the site from breakdown (for example, when updating the CMS) or data loss (for example, when hacked).

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Bootstrap

A framework that includes a set of CSS styles and JS scripts for implementing and styling various web page elements and their functionality on the browser side. Bootstrap is used in the main Joomla templates and extensions, as well as in many third-party ones.

CMS (Content Management System)

Software for creating and administering websites without coding skills. CMS are also called website builders and engines. The most popular free CMS in the world are Joomla and WordPress.

Cookie

Tiny temporary files sent by the server and stored in the user's browser. In Joomla, cookies can be used to authenticate users when the Authentication - Cookie and System - Remember Me plugins are activated.

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets)

Cascading Style Sheets are used to style the appearance of web page elements in a browser.

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Customization

Customize anything. In Joomla, you can customize templates, modules, and other entities.

Favicon

A miniature image measuring 16×16 pixels with the file name favicon.ico (modern browsers can display favicons in other formats), displayed in browser tabs and bookmarks. Favicon is a distinctive sign of a website on the Internet.

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HTML (HyperText Markup Language)

A standardized web-oriented markup language, the basic unit of which is the HTML tag. The vast majority of web pages on the Internet (including pages of Joomla sites) are formed from HTML code.

JavaScript (JS)

A web-oriented programming language that runs on the client (browser) side. JavaScript is mainly used to implement interactive elements and scripts on web pages (modal windows, tabs, accordions, filters, etc.).

Menu

A specially designed list of links designed to help users navigate a site. It can be horizontal or vertical. The main menu of a site is usually placed horizontally in the header of each web page (or most of them).

MySQL

A database management system (server) using the SQL language, used by most dynamic websites in the world, including those running on Joomla.

Open Graph

A standardized set of meta tags used by social networks (Facebook, LinkedIn) and instant messengers (Telegram, Viber, WhatsApp) to generate previews of web pages when processing links to these pages in posts and messages.

Open Server

Portable local server for web development.

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PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor)

A web-oriented programming language that runs on the server. Most dynamic sites, including those running on Joomla, are written in PHP.

phpMyAdmin

A web interface that allows you to comfortably administer MySQL databases without directly using SQL queries.

Redirect

Redirecting a user from one URL to another. For example, from www.joomla.center to joomla.center, to avoid duplicate pages. Joomla has a Redirects component for creating redirects from non-existent pages.

Regular Expressions

A formal language used to search for and manipulate substrings in text using metacharacters. For example, the regular expression \d matches any digit character.

SEF URL (Search Engine Friendly URL)

A phraseological unit used by SEO optimizers that stands for «human-readable URL».

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SEO (Search Engine Optimization)

A set of actions aimed at increasing the site's position in search engine results (Google, Bing, etc.) for targeted search queries for the site in order to obtain organic targeted traffic. The Joomla core has everything you need for basic search engine optimization, but if necessary, the arsenal of CMS capabilities can be expanded.

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Sitemap

A sitemap is a web page that displays the structure of a site as a structured list of links. The sitemap file can be in HTML (a web page for users) or XML (for search engines).

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Sitewide link

A link that is available on all (or almost all) pages of the site (for example, links in the main menu).

SQL (Structured Query Language)

A programming language for managing data in databases. SQL in Joomla code, as in many other CMS, is used in combination with PHP to generate dynamic web pages.

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Title

HTML tag containing the title of the web page displayed in the browser tab. This tag is located inside the parent <head> tag, so users cannot see it on the web page itself. The <title> tag is of utmost importance for SEO, since it forms the title of the snippet of the corresponding page.

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XML (eXtensible Markup Language)

Extensible Markup Language, which defines a format that is understandable to both humans and machines. XML is used in Joomla to generate installation files, options, and JForms.

XSS (Cross-site scripting)

A type of website and application security vulnerability. XSS attacks allow attackers to inject client-side scripts into web pages viewed by other users. A cross-site scripting vulnerability can be used by attackers to bypass access controls.

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